The global market for genome editing would grow at a strong CAGR of 17.33%, from $5.06 billion in 2021 to $21.36 billion by 2030. Genome editing, also known as gene editing or genome engineering, is the modification of genetic material in an organism’s DNA to recognize the changes that take place and to better understand the diseases and conditions like cystic fibrosis(CF), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), hemophilia, and sickle cell disorder that are brought on by genetic flaws. The goal of genome editing is to provide therapies for diseases, enhance plant health, increase the effectiveness of targeted transgene insertion, embryo genome editing, endogenous gene labelling, and gene editing tools, as well as avoid endemic diseases like diarrhea and malaria.
During the anticipated period, the gene editing market is forecasted to experience rapid expansion. The prospects for gene editing could further ensure greater market growth for many years to come with the discovery of CRISPR, which received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020. In an experiment conducted in 2020, people with multiple myeloma had their genes altered via chromosome rearrangement using the CRISPR system. One patient’s tumor development was shown to have stopped, albeit later returning. The trial’s observation revealed the viewpoint and perspective for using the CRISPR genome – editing technique in the treatment of cancer. In comparison to other technologies, CRISPR technology with Pro-code (also known as signal routes in reverse-genetic analyses) is over 75% more effective in detecting breast cancer.
A white button mushroom experiment that eliminated the enzyme that made mushrooms blemish and brown was conducted in the agricultural industry. Through the application of genome editing, the genes that regulate polyphenol oxidase (PPO), the enzyme that results in browning, were altered, and the impact of browning was reduced by 30%. Due to the FDA’s approval of the trial, mushrooms containing the altered gene may now be cultivated without FDA supervision. Thus, the market for genetic modification is anticipated to have a period of sustained expansion in the years to come as a result of growing research in many areas of healthcare, agriculture, and animal gene editing.
MARKET INSIGHTS
DRIVERS
- Genetic illnesses are diseases that result from mutations (pathogenic variants, which are caused by a harmful modification or variation to a particular gene) that damage the genes or when one has an insufficient amount of genetic material. Nearly thirty million Americans, or one in ten, have a genetic or uncommon condition. According to data from a WHO report, a genetic flaw or congenital anomaly is found in about 2-5% of all babies born. About 30% of hospital admissions to pediatrics are due to these births. Congenital abnormalities are among the leading causes of newborn mortality in Oman, Bahrain, Qatar, and Kuwait, and they are the predominant cause of child mortality in the United Arab Emirates. The need for remedies employing genome editing and medication development is urgent given the rising prevalence of genetic illnesses around the world.
- Particularly with the invention of CRISPR technology, investments in the industry have experienced spectacular development. The genome editing industry attracted investments totaling more than USD 1.3 billion in 2021, with 18 agreements utilizing CRISPR technology. The most money was given to Mammoth Bioscience businesses, who want to use it to upgrade their infrastructure and acquire new tools for creating the CRISPR technology of the future. Thus, the market for genome editing is expected to experience extraordinary expansion in the years to follow as a result of businesses’ increased efforts in developing existing technology.
RESTRAINT
Long government approval processes for approving GM items and widespread misconceptions about GM products are the main barriers to the market for genome editing.
OPPORTUNITIES
- Cancer was one of the top causes of fatalities worldwide in 2020, accounting for around 10 million of all fatalities. With about 1.81 million deaths annually, lung cancer leads all other cancers in terms of mortality, followed by rectal and colon cancer (916 thousand), liver cancer (830 thousand), stomach cancer (769 thousand), and breast cancer (6,85,000 deaths, of which more than 90% are female). This offers tremendous research potential in the medical and bio scientific sectors. Studies have demonstrated that the CRISPR/Cas9 technology has been successful in stopping the growth of cancer cells. Opportunities to further assist in the prevention and treatment of cancer are presented by additional study into somatic cell therapy.
- Genome editing is a technique that is broadly applicable to plant and has been utilized to develop agricultural crops for commercial purposes. 12 million hectares of cotton are farmed in India, and 80% of that cotton is Bt. According to FDA research, on average, 95% of the five crops farmed in the US—corn, soybeans, sugar beets, cotton, and canola—used crop seeds produced by plants genetic modification. Further study in the area of plant gene editing will lead to additional applications that will help botanists and agriculturalists since crops are already cultivated commercially using GM seeds.
MARKET SEGMENTATION
In terms of goods and services, consumables and reagents dominated the market largely as a result of the high volume of sales they generated from the industry’s widespread usage of them. Numerous labs and institutions with genetic engineering facilities employ reagents like Brefeldin A, abscisic acid, azidothymidine, and nocodazole extensively. Reagents and consumables will be used more frequently as there are more labs, academic institutions and hospitals which will further support the market’s expansion.
CRISPR dominated the technology market, due to its expanding use in biotechnology, agriculture, and healthcare. In-depth research is being done on CRISPR/Cas9 to find cures for serious illnesses like the human immunodeficiency virus and Huntington’s disease (HIV). According to research, a mutant protein is what causes Huntington’s disease. Using CRISPR/Cas9 in animal models, the generation of the modified protein was lowered by almost 90%. According to studies, CRISPR/Cas9 was also successfully employed to eliminate the viral infection-causing receptors. Some of the genes with a strong association to obesity is FTO.
Cell line engineering commands the largest market share because it is used in a variety of industries, including biology, pharmacy, and agriculture. Cell line engineering is the method of assembling a group of cells from a certain type of tissue (such as those from an organ or a plant’s xylem) to ensure consistency in the tissue that results. Cell lines have indeed been widely employed in the development of drugs, the creation of vaccines, the synthesis of proteins, and the creation of artificial tissues.
By end-user, pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries held approximately similar market shares and shared market supremacy. Both companies are using gene editing to create novel treatments to be used in the medical industry. Additionally, GM plants and transgenic animals are produced by biotech corporations using gene editing. After a ten-year testing period, China recently enacted the use of three GM soybean cultivars and four GM maize varieties. Over 21% of the canola produced in Australia was cultivated using GM seeds. Therefore, the pharmaceutical and biotech industries will remain dominant in in the end-user segment despite increased development in the space as a result of investments by businesses.
The North American region led the genome editing market because of the presence of numerous headquarters and R&D facilities for biotech and pharmaceutical companies. Additionally, the healthcare and agricultural infrastructures, which quickly adopt cutting-edge technologies, help the region maintain its dominance. According to data, there are over 2,000 pharmaceutical businesses and over 6,600 licensed biotechnology companies in the US. More than 50 well-known pharmaceutical corporations and more than 1,000 registered biotechnology businesses are both present in Canada. As a result, with regulations that encourage business growth, the amount of pharmaceutical and biotechnology enterprises will continue to grow in the area, supporting regional growth generally.
TOP PLAYERS
- Agilent Technologies
- Beam Therapeutics
- Bluebird Bio
- Beren Therapeutics
- Caribou Biosciences
- Cellectis S.A
- Creative Biogene
- Editas Medicine
- Intellia Therapeutics
- CRISPR Therapeutics
- Horizon Discovery Group plc.
- Integrated DNA Technologie
- Lonza
- Eurofins Scientific